Spark plug gap VAZ Priora 16 valves

Tips for choosing spark plugs for Lada Priora

Automotive spark plugs are a material that has a certain service life. They cannot be used forever, and sooner or later every motorist is faced with the need for their planned, or even urgent, replacement. And here the problem arises of choosing which candles, which brand and which marking to replace. After all, each manufacturer produces spark plugs for a specific gasoline engine. Its operating temperature, speed, load - all this must be taken into account. Both the Lada company and the Priora car in particular are no exceptions.

Where are the spark plugs on Priora?

What should be the gap on the spark plugs of a 16 valve VAZ-2112

Almost every motorist has come across the concept of adjusting spark plug gaps.
Repeatedly this problem has become the cause of many troubles. Basically, malfunctions are associated with improper combustion of fuel in the cylinders, and the car may stall and consume too much fuel. The video material will tell you what the gap should be on the spark plugs of a VAZ-2112 16 valves, and will also tell you about replacing spark plugs

Features of replacing spark plugs for Lada Priora

Tips for choosing spark plugs for Lada Priora
Automotive spark plugs are a material that has a certain service life. They cannot be used forever, and sooner or later every motorist is faced with the need for their planned, or even urgent, replacement. And here the problem arises of choosing which candles, which brand and which marking to replace. After all, each manufacturer produces spark plugs for a specific gasoline engine. Its operating temperature, speed, load - all this must be taken into account. Both the Lada company and the Priora car in particular are no exceptions.

Where are the spark plugs on Priora?

What a gap there must be!

Diagram of valve clearance measurement

The spark plug gap is the distance between the electrodes that are connected to produce a spark. Since the 16-valve VAZ-2112 is only an injection system, we will talk about the gap specifically for this injection system.

Gap size between spark plug electrodes

So, the normal gap on spark plugs is the distance between the electrodes, which is 1.00 - 1.13 mm . Exactly, going beyond these limits can cause a large number of problems, such as:

1. Change in consumption (comparison with factory data).
2. Floating speed.
3. The car starts to shake.
4. Oil in spark plug wells.
5. And others.

How to measure and correct spark plug gap

The gap between the spark plugs can be checked using a special feeler gauge, which has a corresponding plate thickness marking. It should fit a little tight, but not too much. If the probe does not fit through or the gap is too far from ideal, then it is necessary to press the metal part (upper) of the electrode against the graphite one. After this, take measurements again and so on until it is perfect.

Flat probe for measuring and changing the gap between spark plug electrodes

Of course, stores usually sell spark plugs with the gap adjusted from the factory. But, long transportation can lead to the distance between the electrodes being broken, so before installation, it is necessary to adjust the spark plug gap on all spark plugs when replacing them.

A clear example of measuring the spark plug gap using a feeler gauge

Consequences of incorrect clearance

As experience and practice show, untimely valve adjustment can lead to the following consequences:

• A small gap will mean that the engine will not be able to develop sufficient power , and will also stall or have difficulty starting.
• A large gap leads to greater fuel consumption . Of course, more fuel means better dynamics and traction. But, in the modern world, when everyone is struggling to save money, a consumption of 12-15 liters per 100 km will not please the owner. The second nuance is gas failures or too large jerks, which are sometimes unnecessary, especially for operation in the urban cycle.

Reasons for incorrect spark plug operation

• One of the main reasons for their premature failure is low quality fuel. Gasoline may contain various impurities and may not meet standards.
• A malfunction of the valve system can also lead to malfunctions in the spark plug. As a rule, malfunctions of the valve system lead not only to burnout, but also to valves and pistons. So they may well become good “diagnosticians” for many automobile diseases.
• The wrong choice of spark plugs is another reason why they become covered with soot. So, if the heat rating is higher than recommended for a given engine, the tone may well fail.
• Sometimes oil gets into the combustion chamber, and then a black, oily coating forms on the spark plug, which makes it difficult to work.
• Black soot can not form from such reasons as contamination of the air filter, wear of the cylinder-piston group, or a crack in the insulator.
• Melting or burnout of the electrodes occurs if the cooling system is faulty.
• Even trying to start the engine in cold weather can cause the spark plug to fail. In this case, they may be flooded with a flammable mixture.

Life hack: spark plugs for Priora - fault diagnosis, replacement, price

When buying spark plugs for a Priora with a 16-valve engine, they usually create a reserve for themselves so that they can install a new one immediately after one of them becomes faulty. If you manage to start the car with one faulty spark plug, then failure of the remaining parts will result in the car refusing to start. In general, let’s immediately dispel the myth that 8-valve engines require some other spark plugs for a Priora car. In 16th grade, like in 8th grade, the same is given. Changing the spark plugs on a Priora is easy; in this article we will tell you how to do it, but that's all: The price of components for a Lada Priora car is not high - so I advise you to change them more often. To avoid more serious repairs. Because, having acquired carbon deposits from bad fuel, this will affect the engine by friction. Priora, like other cars, requires attention. Replacing oils and components.

Thinking about which spark plugs are best to install on a Priora, many refuse to believe in the miraculous power of analogues, installing only standard parts in their car, because the manufacturer swears that they will not harm the car. But every time a car owner sees the painfully familiar color of soot, he prepares to replace the ignition elements. I will say the following - on a Priora, a lot depends on gasoline and even driving style. It will be healthier to refuel at a good gas station, but that’s not all. You need to drive the car not only sluggishly, but sometimes give it a normal load. Moreover, it is better to do this periodically.

There is nothing difficult about changing the spark plugs in Priora yourself. This is a routine operation that is comparable to replacing headlight bulbs. It is recommended to check the gap between the electrodes from time to time. It is better to look for spark plugs for Priora in advance. When purchasing a set of elements for a Lada Priora car with 16 valves, try to compose it from the same models - so that there are no differences “in the row”.

Determining the engine condition on a Priora using spark plugs

When the engine is working properly, the color of the soot should be gray-brown, while the spark plugs remain clean. If the carbon deposits have a different color, this means that there are defects in the operation of the engine.

Soot that resembles limestone indicates that the oil contains non-burning additives. In this case, lubricant also collects on the bottom of the pistons and valves. Because of this, the filling of the cylinders and heat dissipation deteriorate. Such deposits can be removed exclusively mechanically, and to eliminate the problem you need to use higher quality oil.

Soot, which looks like black velvet, indicates high fuel consumption and an over-enriched mixture. In this case, carbon dioxide exceeds the permissible limit of 10%. This may be due to a dirty air filter, incorrectly installed spark plugs, or incorrect power system settings. After eliminating the problems, the carbon burns out on its own at high speeds.

Resinous deposits (cold spark plug) are a consequence of a malfunction. Most often, the issue is resolved by simply replacing the part. Sometimes the cause of such deposits is high-voltage wires, lack of compression in the cylinder, or a spark plug that is not suitable for a car of a given brand. In this case, its mandatory replacement is required.

Light soot (hot spark plug) indicates that the part is overheating. This could be due to late ignition, cooling problems, or a plug that is not suitable for the engine. Because of this, the piston may burn out, the valve may become covered with cracks, and pieces may fall off the spark plug insulator, landing on the cylinder and piston.

Red candles indicate the use of low-quality gasoline with ferrocene additives, which have a bad effect on the engine. Therefore, it is worth considering changing the gas station.

Manufacturers and prices of analogues

It is not always possible to find a standard set of spark plugs for the VAZ-2170 in the nearest stores. Therefore, you can install four new parts, in accordance with the number of cylinders under the hood. The choice of elements, thanks to other manufacturers, has become more diverse:

• Bosch (manufactured in: Russia) au17dvrm. Price – about 250 rubles per set;
• Denso (Japan) w20epr. Price – 140 rubles per piece;
• Brisk (Czech Republic) lr15yc. Four pieces – 300 rubles;
• NGK (Japan) bcpr6es. One piece – 150 rubles;
• NGK (Japan) bcpr6es price per unit – 200 rubles;
• Bosch (Germany) fr7dcu. One piece – 100 rubles;
• Lecar Kit – 230-250 rubles;
• Valeo 246871. One piece – 170-180 rubles;
• Beru (Germany) 14R-7DU. One piece – 140-150 rubles;
• Champion (England) RN9YC. One piece – 230-250 rubles.

Replacing spark plugs for a Lada Priora car with 16 valves

To replace spark plugs on a Lada Priora car, prepare a special socket wrench with a “10” head.

Priora is a car sensitive to the gap in the spark plug, this can affect fuel consumption and traction. For 16 cl motors, a gap of 1 cm is measured by the factory. It is important to check the gap between the electrodes before installation.

This is usually checked with a round probe that looks like a coin. Of the Russian coins, only 10 kopecks more or less fit this role - their thickness is 1.25 mm. This gap will increase as the engine runs.

Remove the negative voltage from the battery, and then put the car on the handbrake so that nothing interferes with the work. Replacing spark plugs on a Priora is done in 5 steps, see them below:

1. remove the plastic casing;
2. unclip the wire block clamp, disconnect them from the ignition coil;
3. remove the coil mounting bolt, then pry it off with a flat screwdriver and remove it;
4. there is a candle in the well - this is what is needed now. Remove it using an extension cord.
5. put a new part in place of the old one.

Tools and replacement

How to replace spark plugs on a Priora? This is not difficult to do, the main thing is to have the right tools. In order to change spark plugs for a Priora car, you will need:

• key to “10”;
• spark plug key;
• flat screwdriver;
• rags;
• 16" end spark plug head with extension inside.

There must be an elastic band and a magnet on the key - this is necessary to ensure that the candle stays suspended.

It is best to purchase a key with a cardan: it is convenient and practical. When using such a key, you can feel the tightening and the threads on the cylinder head will never break.

Tip: if you don’t have a key with a magnetic or rubber coating, you can remove the spark plugs using the ignition module. The end of this module must be put on the insulation and carefully pulled out. After this, it must be checked for defects.

Replacing spark plugs on a Priora car occurs in this way.

1. First of all, open the hood and remove the protective plastic cover from the engine, which is mounted on clips.
2. We remove the terminals from the coils.
3. Remove the block from the coil and unscrew the fastening bolt.
4. Remove the ignition coil.
5. Using a spark plug wrench, carefully unscrew the spark plugs so as not to touch or break the insulator, since it will be very difficult to collect the fragments that have fallen into the cylinder.
6. Now we install new spark plugs. Before installing them, you need to check the gap. It should be no more than 1.0-1.1 mm. It is important that the gap between the side and main electrodes is the same. It is checked using a round probe.
7. Carefully tighten the spark plugs with a spark plug wrench so as not to damage the threads and avoid breakage.
8. After this, using a “10” key, you need to screw the coils, tighten the fastening bolt and insert the terminals into the coils.
9. We put the protective plastic cover on the engine.

Now you need to check the operation of the motor. We start the car and if the engine behaves incorrectly, check the gaps on the spark plugs and the terminal connections to the coil. If after this the problems do not disappear, you should contact a specialist and have the car diagnosed.

Important: if traces of oil were noticed in the spark plug well, it is necessary to carry out diagnostics at a car service center, since in this case the engine may require immediate replacement of the cylinder head gasket.

Types of spark plugs: iridium and regular

The first iridium spark plugs for cars were produced by Denso. Today they claim that such parts, unlike conventional ones, have a longer service life. We installed such parts on the Priora, but did not notice the difference - perhaps this is just a marketing ploy. We don’t think that the Priora is anything special and there will be a noticeable difference on other cars. But still in terms of technology: durability is due to the gas-tight insulation of the central electrode, aluminum oxide insulators, reduced loss of electric current, a high degree of insulation, and a large volume of the ignition zone.

Denso even produces special models for AvtoVAZ. The electrodes are coated with a lubricant mixture, which increases their gas impermeability, while the temperature in the ignition unit remains optimal - premature or late ignition is excluded. The side electrode is designed in such a way that it allows ignition to be optimized; in this case, even a lean mixture will be ignited.

You can install iridium spark plugs on the Lada Priora, the advantage of which is clear - they need to be changed much less often. But the service life of these elements will be significantly lower than that declared by the manufacturer. The fault lies not in the malfunction of the car - the quality of gasoline leaves much to be desired.

As mentioned earlier, iridium spark plugs can even light a lean mixture. When they work with a contaminated mixture (and the risk of running into unscrupulous filling remains high), they suffer even more. This is comparable to the work of the lungs of a person who lives in a non-ecological area: not only does fumes settle everywhere, the wear and tear of the “organs” accelerates.

Valve replacement of ignition elements for Lada Priora 16 valves is real. Manufacturers producing analogues for this VAZ car produce similar copies from iridium. But don’t rush to rejoice: even if you are promised that the spark plugs will last about one hundred thousand kilometers, on Russian roads this is unlikely to be true.

However, take care to ensure that the cylinder head gasket is always completely sealed against leaking oil. If oil gets on your iridium spark plugs, your expensive purchase will be rendered useless.

When to change spark plugs

According to the technical inspection regulations, spark plugs on Priora must be replaced every 30 thousand kilometers. However, this interval is not always maintained, and they are subject to emergency replacement.

The need for replacement can be determined by engine performance. It becomes unstable at idle, the engine starts poorly, and increased fuel consumption is observed. Also, her appearance can tell about her condition. First of all, you should pay attention to burnt electrodes, both central and side. Cracks on the insulator of the central electrode are also a bad signal; chips in it should also be a warning. General sootiness indicates poor ignition, and gasoline or oil indicates its complete inoperability.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE IN CANDLES FOR 8 AND 16 VALVE PRIORS?

As mentioned above, Priors with 8 and 16 valve engines require different spark plugs. According to the recommendations of Auto-VAZ, spark plugs for 16 valve Priora must comply with the A17DVRM standard, and for 16v engines - AU17DVRM.

In fact, the differences between them lie solely in the design features - devices labeled A17 are designed for a standard hexagon, AU17 - for a smaller one.

You can see the features of marking of domestically produced products in the image.

Features of marking spark plugs of domestic production

SELECTING THE BEST COPY

Let's figure out which spark plugs to put on the Priora 16 valves. Many drivers agree that these ignition elements are consumables, for which there is no point in overpaying, since they will still wear out after 20-30 thousand kilometers. If you have a similar opinion, the domestically produced AU17DVRM is your choice. They are not expensive and work, in principle, quite well.

When choosing among products from foreign manufacturers, we recommend giving preference to the following companies:

• Beru (standard 14FR-7DU);
• NGK (BCPR6ES);
• Denso (Q20PR-U11);
• Bosch (FR7DCU);
• BRISK (DR15YC).

The best spark plugs for a 16 valve engine, according to Prior owners, are made by the Japanese company Denso. Their iridium spark plugs on the Priora - Denso Iridium Power - have proven themselves well, and can travel for about 50-60 thousand km without any problems.

In general, the presence of an iridium electrode significantly increases the durability of the structure; moreover, iridium models retain their original characteristics throughout their entire service life.

For clarity, we present a graph of the increase in fuel consumption as different electrodes wear out.

Graph of increase in fuel consumption as different spark plug electrodes wear (iridium and conventional)

We’ve figured out which spark plugs are best for 16-valve Priora engines – let’s move on to 8-valve engines. The situation is similar for manufacturers: the best budget option is A17DVRM from our ZAZS plant.

Let us draw your attention to the fact that domestic A17DVRMs are an order of magnitude more durable and reliable than nameless Chinese ones at the same cost, so there is no need to be led by beautiful names and bright packaging.

Versions of high-quality foreign models tested by Prior owners - NGK BPR6ES and DENSO W20EPR - they are not cheap, but they are worth their price in full.

The Bosch FR7DPX Platinum also performed well. Reviews from prior drivers indicate that with them the car drives differently - the vibration in the engine disappears and the speed picks up better, and there are no problems with ignition even in severe frost.

Analogs

Which spark plugs are better for Priora 16 cl.? For those who do not want to buy factory spark plugs, there is a huge selection of analogues:

• Products from the British. Which spark plugs are better for Priora 16 cl.? For such an engine it is worth purchasing the “Champion” RC9YC.
• Candles from German. They are little popular, but have a high resource. Marking for Priora – 14FR7DU.
• Japanese candles NGK. Perhaps the most popular analogue of factory products. NGK marked BCPR6ES is ideal for the 16-valve Priora.
• "Denso". This is also a Japanese manufacturer. The cost is on par with NGK, and the quality is not inferior either. For Priora you should buy Denso Q20PR-U11.
• "Brisk" (Czech Republic). Another popular spark plug manufacturer. The manufacturer offers products with different heat ratings and number of electrodes. Spark plugs DR15YC-1 are suitable for Priora. The same ones are used on Kalina engines of the first and second generation, with a 16-valve timing mechanism. But judging by the reviews, the products are of low quality - the electrodes are greatly offset from the center, which is unacceptable for such products.

REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE

Any murzilka (operation book) for VAZ cars states that spark plugs must be replaced every 30 thousand km. mileage However, in practice, even the highest quality products rarely travel 30,000 km.

The first sign that a replacement needs to be made is a change in the normal functioning of the engine. You will notice changes in its idle speed, and there will also be problems with ignition.

Unscrew them and visually inspect the electrodes. In normal condition, the electrodes are light gray in color, with a minimal amount of brown deposits allowed. During operation, the electrodes become covered with a yellow or brown coating (this is a normal condition for the middle of their service life). When the ignition elements of the fuel mixture become obsolete, black metal deposits appear on the insulator, and the electrode burns out or melts.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the spark plug gap between the insulator and the electrode (ideally for Priora it should be 1.1 mm, which is indicated in the service book). The gap increases during operation, so if a check shows that the gap is 2-3 millimeters larger than it was originally, the spark plug needs to be replaced.

The gap can be adjusted by simply bending or pressing the electrode against the insulator, but this can only be done normally on new spark plugs; when worn, the electrode, as a rule, becomes very fragile and crumbles under rough influence.

In the image below you can see the stages of spark plug wear.

Stages of spark plug wear

If the electrode is intact, you can try to revive the product; to do this, you need to anneal the deposit on the electrode with a gas burner and, after it has softened, remove it with a metal brush. This must be done carefully so as not to damage the fragile structure.

Now let’s figure out how to replace spark plugs on a 16 valve Priora. To do this you will need a spark plug wrench, a screwdriver and a 10mm socket wrench to unscrew the coils.

Everything is done according to the following algorithm:

1. Open the hood and remove the plastic protective cover from the engine;
2. We remove the power wire from the ignition coils and unscrew the bolts that secure them;
3. We pry up the coils with a flat screwdriver and take them out;
4. We take a special key and unscrew the spark plugs. This may not be so easy to do, since high temperatures may cause the shrink thread to stick to the body of the part. Unscrew it carefully so as not to damage the structure, since removing fragments of insulator from the well is an extremely problematic task. If you have a compressor at hand, blow out the shrinkage well to remove dust and contaminants accumulated in it;
5. We check the condition. If it is damaged or extremely worn, we install a new one. We insert the spark plug into the magnetic head of the key and screw it back in. There is no need to make any effort here - the thread should go smoothly, and after the body is held tightly in the seat, you need to tighten the thread with light force;
6. All that remains is to install the coils in place and connect power to them.

DIY replacement instructions

Now we’ll tell you how to change the SZ on a Lada Priora car yourself and what may be required for this. To replace, you need a spark plug wrench; you can find it at any car store. If there is no key, then you can use a 16-gauge spark plug head. It is advisable that the spark plug key be equipped with a magnet or rubber band inside, this will allow you to fix the unscrewed spark plug in the device.

The replacement is done like this:

1. First, turn off the ignition, open the hood and reset the battery terminal just in case.
2. The Priora engine is protected by a plastic casing; it will need to be dismantled. When dismantling, be careful, as there is a possibility of damaging the fastenings - they are quite weak.
3. After this, you will need to disconnect the terminal from the ignition coil and unscrew the bolt that secures it in the seat. Using a flat-blade screwdriver, you will need to pry up the coil and remove it from the installation location; this must be done in order to ensure more convenient removal of the spark plugs. You must also pry the coil with a screwdriver carefully so as not to damage the device.
4. As for the spark plugs themselves, they are all located in wells. A high-voltage cable is connected to the spark plug; it should be disconnected before dismantling. Removing the SZ without an extension cord will be impossible, so in any case you will have to use it to remove it. After dismantling, inspect the well itself - if there are traces of oil in it, this indicates that the cylinder head is functioning intermittently. Sometimes this problem is associated with a breakdown of the cylinder head gasket, in which case it will have to be replaced. If you are changing the spark plug for the first time in a new car, then you will have to make some efforts to remove it, and not every spark plug wrench will be able to withstand it. If you have problems unscrewing the SZ, then use a head with a wrench or a more powerful screwdriver.
5. If you have a compressor, then it is better to blow out the spark plug well to remove dirt, but before that, the area around the well should be thoroughly cleaned of dirt. Dirt should not be allowed to get inside, as this will destabilize the operation of the motor.
6. Remove the SZ from the seat. If there are any difficulties during removal, then put the previously removed coil on the SZ - it will allow it to cling to the device. Assess the condition of the spark plug tip - when there is carbon or traces of deposits on it, this may indicate improper engine operation. There can be many reasons for this - ranging from incorrect formation of the air-fuel ratio during the formation of a combustible mixture and ending with the use of low-quality gasoline. The procedure for removing the coil, disconnecting the wires and unscrewing the SZ is repeated for all spark plugs.
7. If there is no carbon deposits, then most likely the engine is working correctly, then you can start installing new spark plugs. Install the new spark plug into the seat; first, tighten the spark plug without applying much effort and without a key. This is very important, because if you install the SZ incorrectly, then when you force it, there is a chance of ruining the thread. Moreover, this way you will ruin not only the spark plug, but also the well in the cylinder head, as a result of which you will have to remove the engine and bore the threads. When the SZ is completely screwed in, you need to tighten it using a key.
8. Reinstall the ignition coil and connect the high-voltage wire. Tighten the bolt that secures the coil, then start the engine and check how it works. If everything was done correctly, then replace the motor protective casing.

Photo gallery “Changing SZ with our own hands”

Spark plug gap VAZ Priora 16 valves

Finval, gaps and correction

I professionally diagnose ignition and injection systems, so I was looking forward to testing the spark plugs. What is the result of the AP test? 22, 2004 ?staff? candles from Engels lost? not surprised. Although I noticed that the factory-fitted spark plugs and those sold in the store are very different. But the fact that Finwhale candles were among the leaders? stunned! Our experience of ?communication? with these candles indicates that they do not work well. Maybe they sell different Finwhale in Taganrog and Moscow?

There are also comments on the content of the article. Why do some of your spark plugs have a gap of 0.8 mm, and others? 1 mm? For the VAZ-2111 engine (as you correctly noted on page 60), the gap should be 1 mm. It turns out that some of the results are incorrect? Why do you claim that injection timing correction based on signals from the oxygen sensor is short-term and is needed only in transient conditions? It seemed to me that just the opposite, correction “by lambda?” needed in steady-state conditions (except for the enrichment mode at a load close to maximum). Maybe I'm wrong about something? I will be glad if you correct it.

Andrey Oleynik, Taganrog

AR: According to official information, the founder of the newly formed Finwhale company is the German holding Grunntech GmbH, which orders the production of spare parts from other manufacturers. We know for sure that Finwhale spark plugs are now produced at the factories of Bosch in Germany and Brisk in the Czech Republic (only German origin is indicated on all packaging). It is possible that this circumstance may explain such polar assessments of candles of this brand. We know nothing about other factories where Finwhale candles can be produced.

A spark gap of 1 mm is recommended by VAZ only for spark plugs that are installed on a conveyor? in our case it is EZ A17DVRM. Are the gaps and applicability of other spark plugs determined by the spark plug manufacturer himself? for example, Brisk recommends the LR15YC model with a gap of 0.8 mm for the VAZ-2111 engine. And the Eyquem spark plugs came with a sign requiring the gap to be set to 0.8 mm.

We were not clear about the correction. Of course, the lambda probe optimizes the mixture composition in steady state conditions. At the same time, he plays a supporting role, “sharpening” fuel and air ratio for efficient operation of the converter. But in the case of Bosch WR7DCX spark plugs, missing flashes caused the lambda probe to record too “poor” conditions. mixture and require constant enrichment from the controller, which negatively affected engine performance.

What else to look for when buying candles

Perhaps this advice will be unnecessary for many, but there have been cases when motorists got into trouble. So, when purchasing, you need to pay attention to the date of manufacture. According to the manufacturer's claims, it is only three years, even if it did not work. Preserved candles, that is, with a special preservative lubricant applied - 5 years. If you do not pay attention to the date of manufacture, then it is quite possible to purchase a low-quality, stale product. And then you shouldn’t be surprised that the same “same” spark plugs for Priora will last a minimum period.

The first thing to remember is that it is advisable to change the spark plugs as a whole set. But do not throw away the functional ones from the old kit. As a result of several replacements, you can collect a working set of used spark plugs, which you can carry with you in case of sudden failure.