How to check injection nozzles without removing them from the engine

Most modern cars are equipped with injection engines; the days of carburetor engines are gone forever. Injection power plants are more economical, environmentally friendly and productive, but at the same time they have a more complex design and injection system, consisting of a pressure regulator, injectors equipped with an electromagnetic valve, a fuel line, a fuel rail, intake valves and a number of other parts.

During operation, various fine particles and heavy fractions (sulfur, olefin, benzene and a number of others) are deposited on the designated parts, which come along with the fuel and can accumulate in the form of varnish and resinous deposits. In turn, this leads to contamination of the injectors, a change in the direction and shape of the spray pattern, and in some cases a complete cessation of fuel supply, even when using fuel filters that are capable of filtering out particles larger than 10-20 microns.

As a result, the formation of the air-fuel mixture is significantly deteriorated, the tightness of the pressure regulator valve is also compromised, and engine performance is reduced.

The deposition of these substances can interfere with the normal functioning of the working elements inside the nozzle, namely, it can disrupt the tightness of the valve, which is opened by an electromagnet controlled by the BC. In this case, when closed, they will allow gasoline to pass through due to constant pressure in the fuel system.

Signs of injector failure

The injector's job is to supply fuel to the combustion chamber. Therefore, the main malfunction that can occur with it is clogging or its complete failure. Signs of malfunctioning injectors include the following factors:

unstable engine operation at idle;
significant increase in fuel consumption;
problems with starting the engine, especially when cold;
in some cases, a significant amount of black smoke may appear from the exhaust pipe (if a lot of fuel enters the combustion chamber through a leaking nozzle), and sometimes it is also accompanied by periodic loud pops from the muffler;
loss of the dynamic qualities of the car, expressed in the fact that the car accelerates poorly, it lacks power, jerking is felt while driving even on a flat surface, including when releasing the gas and when the load on the engine changes.

These signs, of course, may indicate other problems with the car’s power unit, but if they occur, we advise you to check the injectors and, if necessary, repair or replace them.

Malfunctions in the operation of injectors entail significant wear of the internal combustion engine, and the time for its major repairs is approaching.

Signs of a “dirty” injector.

Signs of a “dirty” injector (nozzles), how often do they need to be cleaned and what does this affect? If the injectors are clogged, a cold engine may not start on the first try, especially in winter. During the first few seconds after starting, you can hear misfires in one / two cylinders - the engine is shaking. If you sharply press the accelerator pedal (gas pedal), a “failure” appears before picking up speed; the engine may stall. After warming up, at idle speed the engine operation becomes normal, but while driving, especially when accelerating, a deterioration in the engine’s “throttle response” appears.

Injector contamination is usually associated with the deposition of carbon deposits on the internal surfaces of the fuel system. The intensity of deposits is primarily related to the chemical composition of the fuel and temperature changes. Injectors can become dirty not only during long vehicle runs, but also during long periods of idle time or when the vehicle is used for a long time on gas.

It is recommended to clean injectors after 40...60 thousand kilometers. The higher the vehicle's total mileage, the shorter the vehicle's recommended mileage between cleanings.

Contaminated injectors reduce their throughput, but they rarely become equally clogged. In many cases, there is a large variation in injector performance across cylinders. As a result, the composition of the air-fuel mixture burned in the engine cylinders begins to differ significantly. At the same time, the color of deposits on the spark plug insulators becomes different, despite the fact that the brand of spark plugs is the same.

Why do injectors fail?

Contaminants can enter the fuel system along with gasoline. For cleaning, filters are installed that capture contaminants larger than 20 microns. Such filters are provided both on the fuel line and in the injector itself.

Gasoline contains heavy fractions. They settle on the injector seats, and over time turn into resinous growths. This leads to deterioration of the injectors or their complete failure.

How deposits appear

When the engine stops working, light fractions of the fuel evaporate on hot surfaces. Heavy fractions settle on parts, including nozzles. There is nothing to wash them off - fuel no longer flows.

Over time, the shut-off cone can no longer fit tightly into the seat - therefore, the tightness of the nozzle is broken. This leads to interruptions when starting the engine, as the pressure in the fuel line decreases. Resinous deposits clog the injector nozzle. As a result, the amount of fuel ejected by the nozzle in each operating act decreases.

The spray pattern of the injector also changes. The sprayer has its own standards and tolerances. Solid contaminants lead to the formation of an irregularly shaped torch, fuel atomization occurs smoothly, and fuel leaks appear. Often deposits form more intensively on individual injectors, while the load on the “cleaner” ones increases.

Filter contamination

Another main reason for injector failure is dirty filters. Filters are installed along the fuel path and the injector itself has a filter. Its size is small and it is designed only to filter out very small fuel contaminants. If during operation of the fuel system the main filter, which is supposed to catch increasingly larger particles, is clogged, the injector filter instantly becomes clogged. Therefore, timely replacement of fuel system filters is the key to injector performance.

Causes and Effects

Very often, it is on Priors with a 16-valve engine that the problem arises due to power problems. Therefore, you need to check it first.

The consequences of engine tripping can be the most unpleasant. Outwardly, this manifests itself as hassle. After all, the engine is unstable and shaking. Often the interior begins to smell of gasoline. Don't forget the money issue. The car noticeably increases its appetite and you have to visit the gas station much more often. It's much worse that it leads to more serious damage.

First, the fuel settles on the cylinder walls and seeps into the block, mixing with the oil there. Due to this, the lubrication of the unit deteriorates, and parts wear out faster. It is also possible for a water hammer to form if a sufficient amount of fuel accumulates in the cylinder. In the simplest case, the remaining working cylinders bear a large load. As a result, their elements fail earlier. In any case, it is necessary to eliminate this problem in a timely manner.

Why do we need injectors at all?

The main function of this element is to supply fuel to the combustion chambers. Moreover, you need to supply a certain amount of gasoline mixed with air. This is the only way to form a flammable mixture that will ignite in the combustion chamber. Given this, it is logical to assume that the injectors may malfunction due to bad fuel. And this is true in 90% of cases. Car owners who pour bad gasoline into their car are forced to clean or change this engine element more often. But for this you need to know how to check the injectors correctly.

Cleaning methods

Currently, there are two main cleaning methods:

One of the simplest methods is to add a cleaning additive to the fuel through the gas tank, which dissolves deposits during operation. It is recommended to carry out such cleaning as a preventative measure approximately once every 5 thousand km. This method is only suitable if the car has low mileage. If the machine has been in use for a long time and the system is supposedly very dirty, such cleaning may only make the situation worse. When there is a lot of contaminants, it will not be possible to completely dissolve them with the help of additives, and the spray nozzles may become even more clogged. More deposits will get from the fuel tank into the fuel pump, which can cause it to break down.
Another method requires special equipment and skills. A flushing device is connected to the injector through special adapter fittings. Instead of fuel, the device receives a special washing liquid such as: Wynn's, Liqui Moly, C arbom clean, etc., from a cylinder, which is connected by tubes. Thanks to the fitting, the system does not need: a fuel filter, a gas tank, a gas line, or an electric fuel pump. A mixture of cleaning fluid and gasoline is supplied to the engine under pressure. The supply pressure must be set according to the technical parameters of the specific engine. Under the influence of the washing liquid, contaminants become limp, pass through the nozzles and burn in the cylinders. The cleaning procedure lasts 30−50 minutes.

It should be noted that this method will not get rid of dirty injectors 100%. After this, flushing fluid remains in the oil system and injector. Therefore, experts recommend driving 10-15 km in forced engine operation, and then changing the oil filter and changing the oil. This method requires a significant investment of time and will cost a lot.

However, both methods are most suitable when the car’s mileage is low, and dismantling the injectors is quite difficult due to their location.

Methods for cleaning and flushing the injector

The most widely used methods for flushing the injector are:

Washing with special detergent additives for gasoline.
Cleaning and washing the injector without removing the injectors from the engine.
Washing injector nozzles in an ultrasonic cleaning stand.

Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Gasoline additives for injector flushing

Additives for flushing the injector are the cheapest and easiest way to clean it from contaminants. Such additives are available in the range of many auto chemical manufacturers. They are most effective when added regularly to the gas tank.

When the first signs of injector contamination appear, you can apply a shock dose of such additives, but provided that the gas tank and pipelines are relatively clean. Otherwise, all the dirt will end up in the electric fuel pump and fine fuel filter, which obviously will not add durability to these components.

Flushing the injector without removing the injectors from the engine

Cleaning and washing the injector without removing the injectors from the engine is carried out using a simple washing unit:

to do this, the engine is disconnected from the standard power system;
instead, a unit for washing the injector is connected;
after which the motor is forced to run for 20-30 minutes using a special solvent.

The washing ability of this composition is very high and it easily washes away all deposits (for an example, see the video at the end of the article).

Washing and cleaning the injector with ultrasound

Ultrasonic injector cleaning is by far the most effective cleaning method. To do this, the injectors are removed from the engine and placed in an ultrasonic unit with a special solvent.

The operating principle of the installation is as follows:

In order to help the solvent wash out toxins, it is forced to vibrate using ultrasound.
Liquid vibrations have virtually no effect on the nozzle, but cause slags to resonate, which peel off from the metal and become easy prey for the solvent.

The time for such injector flushing usually ranges from half an hour to an hour. The advantages of this method include the uselessness of an expensive solvent, however, a fairly large amount of work is required to remove and reinstall the injectors on the engine.

Characteristics of the VAZ 2110 injector 8 valves with a working volume of 1.5 and 1.6 liters.

• Engine VAZ 2111 1.5 l. 8-valve injector ➤ Displacement – 1499 cm3 ➤ Number of cylinders – 4 ➤ Number of valves – 8 ➤ Cylinder diameter – 82 mm ➤ Piston stroke – 71 mm ➤ Power – 76 hp (56 kW) at 5600 rpm ➤ Torque - 115 Nm at 3800 rpm ➤ Compression ratio - 9.9 ➤ Power system - distributed injection ➤ Acceleration to 100 km/h - 14 seconds ➤ Maximum speed - 167 kilometers per hour ➤ Average fuel consumption – 7.2 liters • Engine VAZ 21114 1.6 l. 8-valve injector ➤ Displacement – 1596 cm3 ➤ Number of cylinders – 4 ➤ Number of valves – 8 ➤ Cylinder diameter – 82 mm ➤ Piston stroke – 75.6 mm ➤ Power – 81.6 hp (60 kW) at 5600 rpm ➤ Torque - 115 Nm at 3800 rpm ➤ Compression ratio - 9.6 ➤ Power system - distributed injection ➤ Acceleration to 100 km/h - 13.5 seconds ➤ Maximum speed - 170 kilometers per hour ➤ Average fuel consumption – 7.6 liters

Basic faults

The main malfunction characteristic of the VAZ 2110 is the appearance of the engine tripping effect. Malfunctions can occur for various reasons. Let's consider the factors that cause unstable engine operation, as well as methods of elimination. If the stove doesn't heat up, look here, and about replacing the valves here.

Poor quality fuel

The first thing you need to check is how high-quality the fuel was poured into the vehicle. If the gasoline was of poor quality, then most likely one of the elements of the fuel system was forgotten. So, the motorist will have to find out what the fuel supply scheme is and find parts that could have failed. So, the first element that comes under scrutiny is the spray nozzles. Malfunctions of the injectors can cause unstable operation of the engine, which will lead to tripping. A special stand is used to diagnose and clean the unit, but many motorists carry out the process themselves, using carburetor cleaning fluid. Also, unstable engine operation may be caused by clogged fuel filters. One is located under the rear right wheel, and the second is in the fuel pump. There is a filter mesh on the fuel pump intake that needs to be replaced. The process is quite complicated, since you have to remove the rear seats and remove the fuel supply element. But the fuel filter under the wheel can be changed quickly and without any problems.

Ignition system

Damage to spark plugs or high-voltage wires can also cause tripping. So, it is necessary to check all the elements using a tester, as well as visually inspect them. If there is damage, it is recommended to replace the entire set.

Sensors and ECU

Another major reason for engine tripping is the failure of one of the engine sensors, as well as a malfunction in the electronic control unit. To carry out diagnostics you need to connect to the “brains”. Next, based on the errors shown, find the faulty meter and replace it. If this does not help and the error in the ECU remains, then it is recommended to reset, and in some cases flash the control element.

Maintenance

Engine maintenance is carried out every 10-12 thousand kilometers. The schematic map is available from official representatives of the manufacturer. But, as practice shows, it all comes down to changing the oil and oil filter. Many car enthusiasts ask the question - what is the best engine oil to pour into the VAZ 2110 8-valve power unit? The best option remains semi-synthetic motor oil of domestic or foreign production labeled 10W-30 or 10W-40.

Engine chip tuning circuit

Not many car enthusiasts can boast of a powerful 2110 engine. Thus, to improve the power characteristics of the engine, it is necessary to carry out chip tuning of the VAZ 2110. To do this, they usually turn to specialists, but more and more vehicle owners are doing the process themselves.

The chip tuning scheme is quite simple. To perform the operation yourself, you will need an OBD II cable (USB-Auto), a laptop computer and software. It is worth remembering that there are three options for modifying the power unit: for power (but this will increase consumption), for reducing consumption (leading to a loss of power) and balanced (balance between the optimal indicators of consumption and power). Typically, chip tuning of a VAZ 2110 is done with the aim of reducing fuel consumption, therefore, if the owner of the car decides to do it himself, then it is necessary to select the appropriate software. But, it is recommended not to take risks and turn to professionals for help.

Causes of malfunction of injection nozzles

Nozzle device

Modern fuel injectors in gasoline engines come in two types: electromagnetic and mechanical. The first is a solenoid valve that is controlled by the vehicle's ECU system. When the appropriate signals are given, the valve opens to a certain angle, regulating the amount of fuel supplied to the cylinder. The second only supplies fuel to the channel. Its design includes a needle with a step. When there is enough pressure, the fuel overcomes the resistance of the spring and the needle rises. Accordingly, the nozzle opens and fuel is supplied to the chamber. Currently, electromagnetic injectors have gained wide popularity as they are more technologically advanced. Therefore, we will further consider checking and cleaning using their example.

There can be only a few malfunctions of the electromagnetic injector:

lack of signal from the ECU;
malfunction or complete failure of the winding;
nozzle outlet is clogged.

As practice shows, it is the latter option that is the most common cause of complete or partial failure of the nozzle.

What injectors are installed on Priora cars?

Injectors are an indispensable element in the operation of any power unit with continuous injection. Structurally, they are electromagnetic valves, which, when opening, ensure the supply (injection) of fuel in the required volume into the engine cylinders. At the same time, the main purpose of the part is to save fuel, so the valve opens at regular intervals, depending on the driving mode.

Have a red body

On "Priors" equipped with an injection type engine, imported injectors are installed. Products manufactured by Bosch and Siemens are characterized by a high degree of reliability and wear resistance. Their service life is determined by a mileage of 100–150, after which it is recommended to change them.

Usually available in black

Differences between injectors for 8 and 16 valve engines

Various modifications of Priora are equipped with parts of the same model. There are no differences for 8 and 16 valve power units. The only thing is that you should be careful when selecting injectors for engines of different sizes: for example, for a 1.5 engine, spare parts will differ in markings, color and thickness from those for a 1.6.

It is recommended to choose materials from the same manufacturer that were equipped with the car at the factory.

Signs of malfunctioning gasoline engine injectors

There are two common injector malfunctions - a violation of the quantitative composition of the mixture and a distortion of the spray pattern. The latter also reduces the quality of mixture formation.

Since high-quality compliance with the mixture composition when starting a cold engine is of particular importance, problems with injectors most clearly manifest themselves in this mode.

The injector may “overflow” when the valve is unable to maintain the gasoline pressure and the over-enriched mixture refuses to ignite, and the spark plugs will be bombarded with gasoline in the liquid phase. Such an engine cannot be started without purging with additional air.

The designers even provide a special mode for blowing the spark plugs, for which you need to completely press the accelerator pedal and crank the engine with the starter, while the fuel is completely shut off. But even this will not help when a closed nozzle does not hold pressure.

Related article: Why the starter turns, but the engine does not start

Poor atomization can lead to a lean mixture. Engine power will drop, acceleration dynamics will decrease, misfires in individual cylinders are possible, which will cause the lamp on the instrument panel to light up.

Any deviations in the composition of the mixture, including due to its insufficient homogenization, will lead to a significant increase in fuel consumption. This does not necessarily mean that the mixture is too rich, but a lean one will have the same effect as it will reduce the overall efficiency of the engine.

Detonation may occur, it will go out of thermal mode and the catalytic converter will be destroyed, popping sounds will appear in the intake manifold or muffler. The engine will require immediate diagnosis.

The main reasons why engine speed fluctuates on a VAZ-2115

If everything is normal in the car, then you see the following picture. After the engine is started, the tachometer needle rises to approximately 2.5 thousand revolutions per minute. Gradually, as it warms up, it lowers. The range of 800-900 rpm is considered normal. However, it also happens that the arrow does not stay stable near the desired marks. It rises up and down - it seems as if the engine lives some kind of “life of its own”. In this case, the range of deviations is quite wide.

If you notice that your car's speed is fluctuating, then you need to start looking for the root cause as soon as possible. As mentioned above, this problem is quite unpleasant, and the sooner it is eliminated, the better. There are many reasons why engine speed starts to fluctuate, including in injection-powered cars. Their complete listing will take quite a lot of space, so we will limit ourselves to only the main ones.

Often the root cause of the problem is the failure of some sensor. A situation arises when the electronic control unit tries to read the information it needs, but cannot receive it. The consequence of this is precisely the incorrect operation of the engine, including floating speed.

In a “tag” with an injection engine, the following main root causes of the problem can be identified:

damage to high-voltage wires, including due to common wear and tear;
faulty idle speed controller;
candles - pollution, exhausted resource, low quality;
Exhaust gas recirculation sensor malfunction;
Incorrect operation of the mass air flow sensor.

You should also indicate one more, fairly common reason. We are talking about a banal entry into the air intake system from outside

However, the very first thing you should pay attention to when this problem occurs is the XX sensor

Checking its performance is quite simple. First of all, you should, of course, find the device - it is located near the sensor that controls the position of the throttle valve. Then take a multimeter and measure the resistance. If the indicators deviate in one direction or another from the permissible interval (40-80 Ohms), then we can state with almost 100% certainty that the root cause of the problem has been found.

If everything is in order here, then you should engage in further search. In particular, check the mass air flow sensor. This is quite easy to do. Disconnect the connector from this sensor, and then start the engine. If you do not notice any changes in its operation, then the problem is most likely in this sensor. This can be confirmed by slightly improved vehicle dynamics.

However, the cause of the problem is not always located here. This means we move on to the next stage - checking the functionality of the mass air flow sensor. Its task is to return a certain part of the burnt gases back into the chamber so that the fuel burns in full, and, accordingly, harmful emissions into the atmosphere are reduced. In this situation, simply cleaning the valve seat is often enough to solve the problem.

Quite often the speed starts to fluctuate due to problems with spark plugs or high-voltage wires. In the first case, a visual inspection will help. Candles should be carefully examined for carbon deposits. Also remember the last time you changed them, perhaps the reason was a banal resource exhaustion. The problem with high-voltage wires can be seen in the dark. If you see a firework of sparks there, replace them immediately. However, you can take a simpler route. You just need to take spark plugs or wires that are known to work, borrow them, for example, from someone you know, and install them on your car. First replace one thing, then another. If engine operation becomes normal, then the problem has been found.

How to check fuel injectors on a fuel injection engine

There are several methods for checking the performance of an injector. Let us list them in order with a detailed indication of the algorithm of actions.

Check using resistance measurement

You can check the injectors without removing them using a multimeter. First, check which injectors are installed on your car - high or low impedance (electrical resistance). This data will be necessary to perform an accurate diagnosis. In order to check the injectors with a tester without removing them from the engine, you must adhere to the following plan:

Measuring the resistance of the injector winding

remove the high-voltage wires from the injectors;
set the multimeter to the mode for measuring insulation resistance (ohmmeter) in the range from 0 to 200 Ohms (depending on the technical parameters of the device, the upper limit may differ, the main thing is that the ohmmeter can show a resistance value of several tens of Ohms);
turn off the ignition and remove the negative terminal from the battery;
disconnect the electrical connector on the injector being diagnosed (as a rule, to do this, unclip the fastening clip located on the block body);
connect the tester's measuring probes to the injector terminals and take measurements.

High impedance injectors have insulation resistances ranging from 11...17 Ohms, and low impedance injectors - 2...5 Ohms.

If the measured insulation resistance value differs significantly from the specified value, this indicates that the injector is faulty. Accordingly, the injector must be dismantled and detailed diagnostics performed.

Remember that when checking injectors with a multimeter, you need to diagnose all devices one by one! This way you can check which injector is not working.

It is important to know that the voltage to the injectors from the ECU is supplied in pulsed and not constant form. Therefore, it is recommended not only to measure the resistance with an ohmmeter, but also to take an oscillogram of the pulsed voltage transmission using an oscilloscope, so you can see what peak voltage it receives. The tester will only show you average values.

How to check power to injectors

Checking the power supply to the fuel rail of VAZ 2110-2112

Let's look at checking the availability of power to the ramp using the example of VAZ 2110, 2111, 2112 cars, as some of the most popular. But first, let us recall that in the block with contacts, four of them supply power to the injectors, and one (pink wire with a black stripe) is the common ground. You need to act according to the following algorithm:

disconnect the power plug;
on the multimeter, set the upper limit of the measured resistance to around 200 Ohms (this value depends on the specific model of the tester);
measure each of the four contacts from the injectors with a common connector in pairs.

The resistance value should be within 11.5...15.5 Ohms . Remember that this will only measure the resistance of each injector on the ramp.

You can check the injector simply for vibration. When the engine is running, a working injector should vibrate slightly . If there is no shaking, it means it is out of order.

Checking the power supply from the car's electrical circuit is quite simple, you just need:

it is necessary to disconnect the supply wire block from each injector one by one;
After this, use two pieces of wire to connect the injector directly to the battery;
turn on the ignition.

If the injector starts spraying fuel, then the problem must be looked for in the wiring.

Be careful not to let fuel from the injector spill on you or other objects. Point its nozzle into a closed container.

How to check the starting injector

First, let's say a few words about the monoinjector. Today, such units are becoming less and less common, since the system is outdated. Its essence lies in installing only one injector - in front of the throttle valve. They can be found on old models of foreign cars from VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat and others.

Let us describe the algorithm for checking the resistance of an injector on a monoinjector:

check the contacts from the injectors in pairs and compare them with the data from the manual (as a rule, these values should be within 1.2...1.6 Ohms);
when checking pins 1 and 4, you need to make sure that the DATV (intake air temperature sensor) is working correctly; for this, also use the resistance data from the manual;
if the resistance value is outside the acceptable limits, it is necessary to diagnose the injector in more detail.

Start injector

Often in old mono-injection engines, in addition to the valve injector, a so-called starting injector is also used, the task of which is to provide additional fuel when starting the engine, especially in cold weather and at high engine speeds, in order to facilitate its starting. Its operation time is determined automatically by the computer (in particular, a thermal relay), but as a rule, it lasts only a few seconds, after which it turns off as the engine starts and there is no need for its further use.

Its operation is completely similar to the operation of the nozzles in the injector. During operation, it may also partially or completely fail. A clear sign of such problems is the fact that a cold engine starts and immediately stalls. The starting injector is checked according to the following algorithm:

pick up some small measuring container (like a glass);
remove the injector from the engine and install it in the mentioned container;
one contact of the injector is connected directly to the car’s battery, and the other to its “ground”;
The fuel pump relay is also connected to the “plus” of the battery, thereby putting it into operation.

When operating and checking the pump, the injectors must be paid to the angle of fuel spray, as well as the amount of gasoline pumped. You will find reference data in the reference information for the injector that is installed in your car. As an indicative example, the data on the K-Jetronic system can be cited. In this case, the spray angle is 80°, and the volume is from 70 to 100 cubic centimeters of fuel per minute. Naturally, in other systems these indicators will be different.

After you have checked the operation of the mono nozzle, disconnect it and wipe it dry. In normal operating condition, its body is sealed. This means that fuel should not leak from it. Wait a while and make sure of this (1...2 minutes is enough for this).

Checking the injector by ear

Experienced motorists are able to check the condition and performance of injectors without removing them from the engine, in particular, by ear . To do this, use a regular rectangular board or, better yet, a stethoscope.

Place one edge of it tightly against the nozzle being tested, and the other edge to your ear. If the nozzle is in normal operating condition , then you will not hear any extraneous sounds or vibrations from it, only uniform clicks . But if it does not click or the sounds are not uniform, and other vibrations and knocks are also present, this means that the nozzle in question is clogged. And the stronger the knocks and noises, the greater the degree of blockage.

In general, you can listen to the injectors without the mentioned board. However, this requires relevant experience. The fact is that if the unit is faulty, a muffled high-frequency sound will be heard from the cylinder block, similar to a squeak or whistle. If you hear it while the engine is running, we recommend that you check the operation of the injector in more detail on a stand or ramp.

Checking the injector on the ramp

Fuel rail

Another method for checking injectors is with the fuel rail removed (it is removed together with the injectors, so this method can be classified as one that involves removing the injectors). To do this, the ramp is removed along with the injectors, and cups or other containers are installed under them to receive the fuel. In this case, it is advisable to remove the “negative” terminal from the battery and disconnect the supply wire harnesses. Before switching on, the circuit must be restored.

After this, connect the two fuel pipes and tighten the fittings holding them with a wrench. Next, you need to turn the starter for 10...15 seconds (but not longer, as this is harmful to it). It is important to note the shape of the “torch” under which the fuel is supplied, as well as the amount of gasoline in the glasses. If the injectors are working properly, the amount of gasoline in them should be the same . If this is not the case, then for further detailed diagnostics it must be removed and checked on a stand.

It will also be useful to notice whether gasoline is leaking from the injector when the engine is turned off. If this is the case, then it makes sense to check the integrity of the injector body, as well as the degree of its closure.

Checking the injector balance

Let's look at checking the balance of injectors using the example of VAZ cars. Actions are performed in the following sequence:

turn off the fuel pump and start the car in order to remove excess fuel pressure in the system (the car should run for a few seconds and stall);
connect the pressure gauge to the fuel system;
connect the fuel pump back into the system;
connect a computer with the appropriate software and a cable for taking and diagnosing readings to the car’s computer.

Further actions are carried out in the software, with the help of which the fuel pump and injectors are turned on and off. The action algorithm for each of them is as follows:

turn on the ignition;
we check the readings on the pressure gauge (should be about 2.8...3 at);
using the software, turn off the fuel pump relay;
the pressure on the pressure gauge has dropped slightly (approximately 2.8 at);
use the software to turn on the first injector;
check the pressure on the pressure gauge (ideally, the pressure should not drop significantly);
again, using the program, turn on the fuel pump relay in order to restore the pressure to the original 2.8...3 atm;
then repeat the procedure with all the injectors, and then do not forget to restore the pressure in the system using the fuel pump.

Ideally, all injectors should show the same pressure release value. If in any of them the reset occurs with a very different value, this means that something is wrong with the injector, and additional diagnostics are needed.

After performing the described procedures, do not forget to completely relieve the pressure in the system. You need to connect the fuel pump and start the car, after which you can disconnect the pressure gauge.

Checking injectors on a bench

Injector testing stand

Mechanical characteristics affect the performance of injectors. And their verification is possible only at a special stand. You can read how to make it yourself in a separate article. In particular, at the stand they check:

the amount of fuel passing through the injector;
fuel pressure;
the shape of the “torch” of the nozzle.

Checking a removed injector on a bench is the most accurate diagnostic method. With its help, you can determine the degree of damage to the injector and the feasibility of repair.

How to check functionality?

The check is quite easy to do yourself. With the engine running, it is necessary to turn off each of the injectors in turn. If, when you turn off any injector, the engine continues to operate without noticeable changes, this will indicate that the problem lies precisely there. It will be necessary to find out the reason for its failure. The nozzle design allows you to do this without additional equipment, with your own hands. To do this, voltage from the battery is supplied to its terminals. When the nozzle fires, characteristic clicks should be clearly heard. If you can hear them, then the device is working properly, and the problem most likely lies in contamination of the nozzle. In this case, you just need to clean it. If, on the contrary, the device does not react in any way when it is connected to the battery, then such an injector will have to be replaced with a new one.

Cleaning injectors

There can be many different options for the “behavior” of a car when the pump injectors fail or there is another problem in the operation of the fuel system. But with almost any of them, you will always have time to get to the service station. Here are examples of the most common signs that will allow you to determine that your truck requires fuel system repair.

In this case, there are 3 possible causes of the malfunction: 1. Lack of Low Pressure

For the full functioning of the machine, it is necessary to fill the pump injectors with fuel.
This function is performed by a low pressure pump. The minimum pressure that the low pressure pump should produce at idle speed is 2 bara. If the pump does not produce pressure, or the pressure relief valve in the low pressure system is faulty (low pressure approaches zero), it may happen that one of the pump injectors does not have enough fuel to fill completely. Consequently, there is no volume of fuel supplied through the atomizer. In this regard, one or more pump injectors, and therefore engine cylinders, may not work. The result
is jamming of the engine motor.
The solution
is to replace the low pressure pump or pressure relief valve. Or both.

2. Mechanical failure of the pump injector

Such a malfunction, as a rule, can be mechanical wear of the solenoid valve (valve assembly), or wear of the atomizer. In the first case, the pump injector cannot create high pressure, because the valve does not close at all. Consequently, there is no supply to the cylinder. In the second case, a breakthrough of gases from the engine cylinder is possible due to the fact that the nozzle does not close. Consequently, the pump injector is “aired” and the amount of fuel supplied to the cylinder again tends to zero. Result

- the car is shaking.
The solution
is a major overhaul of a failed pump injector.

The result of this malfunction is either a burnt-out magnet (solenoid) or a lack of contact in the contact group of the pump injector. A screw has come loose or there is a break in the electrical circuit. Due to the fact that the electromagnetic unit does not perform its functions, there is no fuel supply to the cylinder completely. The result is that the car stalls. There may be other options. But they are not typical and need to be considered individually. Result

- the car is shaking.
The solution
is to contact an electrician.

EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION, INCREASED SMOKE FORMATION, BUT THERE IS DRAFT

Most likely, the hole in the nozzle is worn out, and fuel is supplied to the cylinder at reduced pressure. If the machine still “pulls” well, it means that the remaining components of the system - the plunger pair and the control feed valve - are not critically worn. In this case, you can get by with replacing the atomizer and drive another hundred thousand kilometers until the pump injectors are overhauled. But it is not a fact that the valve is still in order. Both the valve and the nozzle may be worn out. And the paradox of this situation is that computer diagnostics will show that everything is in order. The fact is that computer diagnostics are performed in idle mode and record the amount of fuel entering the cylinder, namely at idle speed. If the nozzle holes of the atomizer are very worn out and the valve assembly is completely worn out, then the average amount of fuel at idle speed will be approximately the amount of fuel supplied by a working injector pump (with unworn nozzle holes and an excellent solenoid valve). For this reason, in this case it is quite difficult to determine malfunctions in the fuel system through diagnostics.

– The real picture of the condition of the unit injectors can only be shown by removing them and diagnosing each unit injector separately.

THE CAR DOES NOT PULL AND OVERCONSUMPTION OF FUEL

This indicates that all components of the pump injector are worn out. In this case, it is necessary to overhaul the pump injector or replace it with a new one. At the same time, the car, in theory, should not smoke. There is no fuel, nothing to smoke. - Why is this happening? — Lack of the required amount of fuel in the cylinders and the required fuel injection pressure. If the car still smokes a lot, then the problem is most likely in the engine air supply system (see turbine sensor, turbine, intercooler)

THE CAR STARTS FROM QUICK START (ON AIR)

This means that absolutely ALL pump injectors are worn out. In this case, we recommend changing them URGENTLY. Since fast starting has a very bad effect on the operation of the engine as a whole.

EVERYTHING KNOCKS, EVERYTHING SMOKES, TROUBLES, Puffs...

. And in general, it’s even scary to stand next to the car... This indicates that the pump injector atomizer has failed. The atomizer is the most vulnerable part of the nozzle, since it is located in the combustion chamber and is the most loaded unit in the system. If the sprayer body is split, the machine begins to behave in the manner described above. This situation often happens in winter when water gets into the fuel.

Or so let’s say, let’s make some clarifications. In general, pump injectors work independently of each other, and if one or two fail, the car will move. The computer will simply turn them off, and the car will reach its destination. Worn pump injectors can be detected long before they fail completely. We recommend replacing the entire set at once, because, as a rule, the service life of the injectors is approximately the same. And additional removal and installation in case of repeated application is double costs in this case. But if diagnostics show that some of the injectors are in good condition, you can replace them selectively for now. If your car has a fuel system equipped with pump sections, read about its functions and repairs in the article “Diagnostics and Repair of a Fuel System Equipped with Pump Sections.”

We wish you never to break down!

Determining damage by hearing

Most experienced drivers can try to determine the operation of the injectors even by ear. Beginners are not recommended to use this method due to lack of experience.

To try to diagnose injectors by ear without removing them from the engine, you will ideally need a stethoscope or a small thin board. One side of the board must be pressed tightly against the TF being examined, and we place our ear on the other side.

When working properly, the nozzle does not emit any extraneous sounds, does not emit vibration, and generates rhythmic clicks extremely clearly. If uneven noises or knocking noises are heard, we can conclude that the nozzle is clogged. The degree of damage is determined by the volume and frequency of the unusual noise.

Motorists with extensive experience can do without a plate during analysis. If a malfunction exists, a muffled high-frequency sound will emanate from the engine area, very much like a squeak. If it is continuously heard while the engine is running, then the fuel injectors must be examined on a ramp or stand.

Important nuances

There are a few things to keep in mind when cleaning your injectors. Here they are:

You cannot save on flushing fluid.

The plastic bottle must be removed carefully after washing the Priora injectors.

Replacing injectors is a long procedure. Nevertheless, it is quite within the power of a novice driver if he has at least a vague understanding of the structure of an injection engine. When cleaning the injectors, the situation is much simpler: you just need to be able to use a drill and know where the main fuel hose is located.

Troubleshooting

To quickly check the injectors without removing them, you will need an indicator screwdriver. It consists of a metal rod and handle on which a switch and a contact are located to create a conductive circuit, clamped by one of the fingers. When moving the switch forward towards the rod, the device becomes less sensitive; when moving to the upper position, its sensitivity increases. In the first case, the red indicator lamp will light up or flicker, in the second case, the green lamp will light up.

Before carrying out the test, the screwdriver switch must be moved forward, towards the working part (rod) until it stops, and your finger must be pressed against the open contact located on the handle of the indicator screwdriver. The hand must remain in this position during the entire test, closing the electrical circuit, otherwise there will be no indication.

The working rod of the screwdriver must be positioned so that it touches the metal bracket on the block holding the nozzle. There is an opinion that it is enough to simply bring the rod to the block for an indication to occur, but this is not so. The metal clamp catches the electromagnetic pulse generated during the operation of the injectors; a potential difference and alternating currents arise in it, which the device records.

This test checks the injector while the engine is running, so it must be started and left at idle. When the rod of the indicator screwdriver comes into contact with the metal bracket on the screwdriver, the red indicator should light up. This checks performance on all cylinders. If the injector of one of the cylinders is not working, the indicator will not light or blink.

Using the indicator does not necessarily indicate that the injector is faulty, it signals that it is not working. The problem may be there, or in the voltage supply system, poor contact, failure in the electronic control unit, etc.

Some models do not have metal pad clamps in which currents are generated; in this case, is it possible to determine the faulty injector without removing it from the engine? Yes, this can be done using the same indicator screwdriver. To do this, you need to set the switch in the uppermost position (this is the highest level of sensitivity of the device) and perform additional manipulations.

After starting the engine, the screwdriver rod is brought to the injector block, and no indication will appear, even if it is working. Therefore, you need to attach a metal bracket to the screwdriver shaft, which will serve as an antenna where electromagnetic oscillations will occur. A paper clip carefully pressed around the rod with pliers is suitable for this.

During the fuel injector test, the switch remains in the highest sensitivity up position. With the engine running at idle speed, you need to bring the bracket as close to the block as possible, it should cover it. A blinking indication should appear on the device due to currents excited by the electromagnetic field that occurs during operation of the nozzle. If there is a non-working injector under the column, there will be no indication. This technique is also suitable for pads equipped with a metal bracket.

Conclusion

Testing with an indicator screwdriver will help you quickly find a problem when the engine is misfiring due to an injector, or other problems from the list above arise. If you have this tool, you can carry out diagnostics in your garage, and having identified a malfunction, fix it, if possible. The proposed test only reveals the fact that the injector is not working, and this can be done without disassembling the engine.

To identify the reasons why the fuel does not ignite in the cylinder, more detailed diagnostics and subsequent repairs will be required. However, it is not always necessary to replace the nozzle; there are other reasons why it does not function or is unstable. Sometimes you just need to seal the pad contact and the problem of stable engine operation is immediately solved; in more complex cases, for example, to clean the injectors, you will need to contact specialists.

How to restore the performance of a VAZ-2114 engine: expert advice

Automotive repair experts recommend that motorists use several tips to restore the functioning of a VAZ-2114 engine that is tripping.

First tip: check and replace the electronic control unit.

Second tip: check and replace the oxygen sensor.

Third tip: check the functionality of the crankshaft position sensor. This can be done using the electronic control unit. This device will generate an error if the crankshaft position sensor is faulty. This means you will have to replace it with a new one.

Fourth tip: check and replace the ignition coil.

Fifth tip: check and replace the air filter.

Sixth tip: check the correct placement of the timing belt.

How to clean injectors

Most often, the problem with the operation of injectors is their banal contamination. Therefore, to restore their functionality and return the injector to its nominal performance, it is enough to clean it. This can be done in two ways - without removing it from the engine (by adding a special cleaner to the fuel) and in the removed state (passing the cleaner through a separate nozzle or using ultrasound). The following methods are used for cleaning:

mechanical;
ultrasonic;
using chemical compounds.

In this article we will talk about only a few, since cleaning injectors often requires additional professional equipment. You will find detailed information about self-cleaning in another material. Here we will briefly touch on these methods.

Cleaning the nozzle at home

A separate nozzle can be cleaned using special chemical compounds. For example, the same additives that are added to fuel to clean the system or the so-called “Carburetor Cleaner”. In this case, it is necessary to act according to the following algorithm:

prepare in advance “Carburetor Cleaner” (or its equivalent in the form of a spray can), a contact button without locking the closed position, a syringe with a volume of 5 ml or more, a tube to extend the neck of the syringe with a seal, an empty container, preferably of large volume (5-10 liters ), a mobile phone charger with a cut plug, contact wires with terminals;
Next, you need to insert the test nozzle into the back of the syringe (as tightly as possible, with or without a rubber band);
after that, connect the terminals through the button to the charger and plug it into the outlet;
insert the tube into the cleaning agent sprayer, and unfold the back of the nozzle into the prepared empty container;
after that, press the sprayer so that a certain amount of the substance enters the nozzle;
press the contact button to activate the nozzle.

If the nozzle is working properly, detergent should come out from its reverse side under pressure. The purging procedure must be repeated several times to achieve the required degree of cleanliness.

If your car has low-resistance injectors, then you need to press the injector open button for a split second. If you have high-resistance injectors, then you can hold the button for 2-3 seconds.

In addition to the check methods listed above, you can also mention checking the toxicity of gases and smoke - a low level of CO during gas release is a sign of poor injector performance. This method is practiced at some service stations as a way to monitor engine operation. Since both certain knowledge and equipment are needed, we will not consider it as one of the options for self-diagnosis.

You also cannot ignore and not pay attention to checking the injectors for fuel supply correction and lambda, but here the situation is the same as with toxicity, you will need not only diagnostic equipment, but also be able to understand all the numbers that the diagnostics will show you.

Purification process

Cleaning the nozzles itself should be done on a clean surface - for this you can cover the working surface with a piece of cloth.

Prepare a hose and a can for cleaning the carburetor. To flush, secure a plastic hose clamp at the inlet of the nozzle (make sure the length is at least 20 cm). The nozzle will need to be turned on, and the end of the hose itself will need to be lowered into the liquid that is used to flush the carburetor. Cleaning can be carried out by any of the proposed ones - RunWay, Liqui Moly or Hi-Gear.

But there is no need to add cleaning additives advertised on the market to the fuel: it very often happens that they harm the engine. The acidified dirt itself after such cleaning can create a blockage that will prevent normal access to the fuel-air mixture. Otherwise, fuel access may be blocked.

Cleaning is complete. Now do the installation in reverse order.

I decided to start cleaning the injectors on my car. The car ran no less, but so to speak, I decided to do preventive maintenance on cleaning the injectors on my car. The whole purchase began with Wynn's injector flushing fluid 1

Wynn's flushing liquids are used for washing injector nozzles without dismantling, cleaning the cylinder-piston group (partial removal of carbon deposits from the cylinder walls and sealing rings) as well as the exhaust system without harming the catalytic converter.

And since I did not want to remove the injectors from the engine, this was the flushing fluid that suited me as a flush. I once found information on the Internet about cleaning injectors in this way and decided to do the same operation without removing the injectors on my car. In general, for this I needed to buy some things that were necessary for this DIY flushing device. For this I needed:

For this I needed. 1. Flushing liquid 1l. 2. Fuel filter. 3. Clamps 2 pcs. 4. Two nipples. 5. Hose 12mm -1 meter. 6. Two liter bottle. 7. Drill 13 8. Compression pump

Flushing liquid 1l

Comprehensive diagnostics of the operation of injectors on the ramp

For such a check, the fuel rail will need to be removed from the engine along with the injectors attached to it. After this, you need to connect all electrical contacts to the ramp and injectors if they were disconnected before removal. It is also necessary to return the negative terminal of the battery to its place.

The ramp must be placed in the engine compartment so that a measuring container with a scale can be placed under each of the injectors.
It is necessary to connect the fuel supply pipes to the ramp and additionally check the reliability of their fastening.
The next step is to turn on the ignition, after which you need to crank the engine a little with the starter. This operation is best performed with an assistant.
While an assistant rotates the engine, check the efficiency of all injectors. The fuel supply must be the same on all injectors.
The final step will be to turn off the ignition and check the fuel level in the containers. The specified level must be equal in each container.

More or less fuel in the measuring containers will indicate a faulty injector or the need to clean one or more injectors. If the nozzle shows underfilling, then the element needs to be cleaned or replaced. Fuel leakage after turning off the ignition will indicate that the injector is “flowing” and has lost its seal.

In addition to self-checking, you can use the injector diagnostic service at a car service center. This operation is performed on a special testing stand. Testing an injector on a bench allows you to accurately determine not only the efficiency of fuel supply, but also the shape of the torch during fuel spraying.

Repairing engine 21126 VAZ 2170 Priora after timing belt break

Today we brought one of the old clients to the Priora, as it turned out, the jammed pump broke the belt and, as a result, the valves were bent.

But progress at AvtoVAZ does not stand still, and if on the engines of the tenth family the valves were simply bent, then on the Priora 126s the connecting rods also lose alignment and, if they are not changed, there is a high probability that the engine will begin to eat oil and, accordingly, your money. Glory to the designers of AvtoVAZ!

But every cloud has a silver lining, there are sets of pistons for 126 engines with grooves that do not bend the valves. In this article we will describe the procedure for repairing the cylinder head after a broken timing belt, as well as replacing the piston. Removing and installing the timing belt is described in this article, so we will not dwell on it in detail.

To perform this procedure, torque wrenches are required!

Hearing test

This is the simplest and most accessible way. However, it requires a lot of experience, because you need to know how the working nozzle “sounds”. To listen, use a rectangular board or a stethoscope. One edge of the “device” must be applied to the nozzle being tested, the other to the ear.

If you hear only uniform clicks, the injector is working properly. If there are knocks, pops, or vibrations of varying intensity, you can definitely say that the nozzle is clogged.

Ultrasonic cleaning

A modern way to clean an injector is to use ultrasound. Here you will need to remove the injectors from the engine and place them in an ultrasonic bath. Cleaning is carried out using micro-explosions of ultrasonic waves capable of reaching thousands of atmospheres (cavitation effect). At the bottom of the bath there is an ultrasonic generator. The nozzles are lowered into it and, due to cavitation, the maximum effect of peeling off blockages in the nozzle channels and sediments in the nozzle channels is achieved.

Thanks to the use of an ultrasonic bath, the surface of the nozzle and its internal working cavities are cleaned . possible on the inner surface , since it is located in a working area of high pressure and high temperatures. The internal surface of the device is cleaned exclusively in the active cleaning mode. This mode assumes that the nozzles open and close while being in the working solution with the part that directly sprays the fuel - the spray hole, during ultrasonic cleaning.

Ultrasonic cleaning is considered more effective, since it can also be used to clean those nozzles that cannot be cleaned with flushing liquid. Flushing the injector using this method will cost a little more.

Ultrasonic cleaning steps:

Removal and inspection of injectors.
Installation on a stand.
Initial test on the stand (spray, performance).
Washing with a special solution in a gentle mode in an ultrasonic bath.
Intermediate testing of devices on the stand (spray, productivity).
Additional rinsing if necessary.
Final test on the bench (spray, performance).
Install new filters and O-rings if necessary.
Installation of injectors in the engine.

Bench testing is an advantage of this method. It is recommended to use an ultrasonic bath after 100 thousand km or more often if engine diagnostics have shown the need for this . The main disadvantage of the method is its high cost and the need to resort to the help of specialists. Injectors may be damaged due to improper ultrasonic cleaning. Of course, first make sure that the interruptions in engine operation are due to dirty injectors.

How to check injector nozzles

Troubleshooting and checking injectors when diagnosing an injector are not very different from similar operations with a carburetor engine.

To check the injector for functionality, it is necessary, as when searching for a “dead” spark plug (ignition system malfunction), to turn off the power to each injector one by one. At what stage the shutdown will not cause changes in the operation of the motor - this means that the problem is in this element.
Next, you should check the presence of voltage at the non-working injector with a voltmeter with a measuring range ranging from 0 to 2.5-3 V.
After this, you should check the solenoid valve for operation: momentarily apply current from the battery to the injector terminal - if characteristic clicks are heard, then the valve is working.

If checking the injectors shows their performance, then all problems associated with their unstable engine operation should disappear immediately after flushing the injector.

Diesel engine noises indicating a malfunction

Every fan knows the sound of his car's engine. As a rule, it is quiet and measured, without any admixture of extraneous noise. However, the appearance of extraneous sounds, and especially knocking, gives many vehicle owners cause for concern. The reasons for knocking can be very diverse. Some indicate the need for scheduled maintenance, others indicate serious malfunctions and the need for urgent repairs of the diesel engine.

Among all kinds of engine problems, knocking noise when running a diesel engine is the most common occurrence. It is important to distinguish engine noise from the sound of the chassis. It is impossible to determine in absentia the cause of the knocking without conducting engine diagnostics, since many elements of the system can produce similar noises. Knocking can occur either from an insufficiently tightened part or from a failed motor element. In any case, you should not postpone your visit to the car service center.

Checking the injector balance

To balance the fuel pump, you must first turn off the fuel pump and start the car. After a few seconds of operation, the engine should stall - this is necessary to eliminate excess pressure of the mixture. Then the pressure gauge is connected, and only after that the fuel pump returns to its place. Next, a computer with the necessary software is connected and diagnostics are carried out.

Subsequent actions are performed exclusively using specialized programs. You may notice that the fuel pump will gradually turn on and off, as will the injectors. In general, the following algorithm can be distinguished:

Turning on the ignition;
Pressure gauge readings are in the range of 2.8–3 atm;
The fuel pump turns off;
Pressure drop to 2.5–2.8 atm;
Checking one TF;
Analysis of pressure gauge data – significant dynamics should not be observed;
The pressure is restored to its original value by turning on the fuel pump;
The procedure is repeated one by one with all nozzles.

When working correctly, each element will give approximately the same performance. If the reset is different in a certain place, then we can talk about a malfunction of the injector or its further diagnostics. After completing the manipulations, the pressure gauge must be turned off only after first releasing the pressure in the system.

Supply system

If the Priora engine (16 valves) is tripping, the reasons may be trivial. When there is no flash in the cylinder, perhaps there is simply no fuel there. If it has a normal compression ratio, it is worth diagnosing the power system. You should pay maximum attention to the air filter and the pipe. It is necessary to make sure that the clamps are securely tightened, whether the purifier body itself is intact, and whether there is any air leakage from the outside

Also pay attention to the tubes. They must be tightly secured to the throttle assembly

Fuel leaks, cracks, and broken plastic may indicate that some parts are faulty.

Injector diagnostic stand

Modern service stations are always equipped with stands for diagnosing and cleaning injectors. This method involves removing the fuel rail and injectors from the vehicle. At such stands, complete diagnostics are carried out: checking the power supply, measuring electrical resistance, and checking the performance of the diagnosed injectors. Some people construct similar stands on their own.

Monitor the condition of the injectors, change fuel filters on time, refuel with high-quality fuel at trusted gas stations, undergo maintenance on time and you will not have problems with the fuel system.

Cleaning the fuel system - getting ready for winter

As a rule, experienced motorists begin to prepare their iron horse for winter in advance. Everyone has their own plan of preparatory measures; it all depends on the general condition of the car and the result that the car owner is aiming for. Some inspect the suspension and purchase new winter tires, while others prioritize the condition of the engine, preparing it for operation in sub-zero temperatures. In the second case, one of the most important procedures is cleaning the fuel system, since it will determine how stable and confident the car will operate and start in the winter.